Figure 3From: Fire as an Ecological and Silvicultural Factor in the Ponderosa Pine Region of the Pacific SlopeThis stand near Badger Creek, Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Oregon, is typical of vast areas of the ponderosa pine region where, as a result of total fire exclusion, dense even-aged stands of Douglas-fir reproduction are monopolizing the ground under the mature ponderosa pines.Back to article page