Fig. 2

Photographs from field plots demonstrating different overstory and understory dynamics nine years after moderate-severity fire: (a) high cover of tall shrubs, mainly Ceanothus L. species, with moderate levels of standing and downed fire-killed snags; (b) prolific tree seedling establishment with relatively high levels of standing and downed fire-killed snags; (c) mixture of low-stature shrubs and tree seedlings occupying nearly the entire forest floor, moderate levels of standing and downed fire-killed snags; and (d) moderate cover of low-stature shrubs with high levels of downed fire-killed snags.