Fig. 1From: Historical and modern landscape forest structure in fir (Abies)-dominated mixed conifer forests in the northern Sierra Nevada, USAStudy area (c) showing approximate locations for photo points (a and b; Sudworth 1899); timber surveys from quarter-quarter (QQ) sections (purple squares) surveyed in 1923 (southern township) and 1936 (northern township), and modern FIA plots (green points) from 2001 to 2010. Inset figure in (c) shows location of study area. Elevation shown in grayscale in (c) ranges from 645Â m to 2600Â m. Watershed boundaries (black lines) indicate, from north to south, the Middle Fork American River, Rubicon River, South Fork American River, Consumnes River, and Mokelumne River watersheds, all flowing west from the Sierra Nevada crestBack to article page