Table 1 Initial tree mortality (2000 to 2002) and secondary mortality (2002 to 2011 and 2002 to 2016) by fire severities and species following the 2001 Leroux Fire, Arizona, USA. Tree mortality (% tree density) is the relative difference in tree density. Fire severity differences (within year) by total and species are indicated by superscripted letters. Initial and delayed mortality differences by total and species are indicated by bolded text. All alpha levels were adjusted using a Bonferonni correction (either P ≤ 0.0125 or P ≤ 0.025). 1PIFL = Pinus flexilis, PIPO = Pinus ponderosa, POTR = Populus tremuloides, and PSME = Pseudotsuga menziesii
From: Forest structure and regeneration responses 15 years after wildfire in a ponderosa pine and mixed-conifer ecotone, Arizona, USA
| | Tree mortality (% tree density) by fire severity class |
---|
Years | Species1 | Unburned | Low | Moderate | High |
---|
2000 to 2002 | Total |
13.1
a
| 38.7b |
68.8
c
| 41.1b |
PIFL |
13.1
a
|
22.8
a
| 53.5b | 83.3c |
PIPO |
16.2
a
| 20.2a |
73.1
b
| 38.9c |
POTR |
4.3
a
| 56.3b | 68.7b | |
PSME |
10.8
a
| 50.0b |
66.6
bc
| 100.0c |
2002 to 2011 | Total | 23.2a | 34.9b | 35.2b | 34.7b |
PIFL | 0.0a | 38.2b | 23.5b | 100.0c |
PIPO | 31.6a | 17.2b | 42.5a | 34.0a |
POTR | 42.2 | 55.2 | 41.7 | |
PSME | 0.0a | 50.0b | 25.0b | |
2002 to 2016 | Total |
26.6
a
| 41.1b |
41.7
b
| 38.6b |
PIFL |
0.0
a
|
44.2
b
| 39.3b | 100.0c |
PIPO |
34.2
ab
| 22.9a |
46.5
b
| 38.0b |
POTR |
55.5
| 62.1 | 50.1 | |
PSME |
0.0
a
| 56.2b |
27.5
b
| |