Skip to main content
Fig. 3 | Fire Ecology

Fig. 3

From: Fuel dynamics after a bark beetle outbreak impacts experimental fuel treatments

Fig. 3

Canopy fuel characteristics (mean and standard error) by treatment following the northern Rocky Mountains’ Fire and Fire Surrogate Study’s fuel treatments in 2002 (immediately after treatment) and in 2016 (following the 2005 to 2012 regional mountain pine beetle outbreak). C = Control, BO = Burn-only, TO = Thin-only, TB = Thin+Burn. Canopy fuel loading include foliage and materials <7.62 cm diameter; canopy base height is the lowest height at which canopy bulk density exceeds 0.011 kg m−3; canopy bulk density is the maximum canopy fuel mass per volume given 4.5 m running mean. Letters above bars denote pairwise differences between treatments (lowercase = 2002 differences, uppercase = 2016 differences); letters are not shown when ANOVA tests were not significant.

Back to article page