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Table 4 Literature that discussed the impact of interacting disturbances on tree regeneration. Studies, forest type, and described interacting disturbances identified. Fire-fire indicates that a study examined two wildfires that reburned the same area; bark beetle-fire describes studies that examined bark beetle outbreaks that preceded a wildfire. The influence of disturbances column explains the differences observed between areas that only experienced a wildfire and those that experienced either a previous bark beetle outbreak or a previous wildfire

From: Tree regeneration following wildfires in the western US: a review

Study

Forest type

Disturbances

Influence of disturbances

Coop et al. 2016

Ponderosa-mixed conifer

Fire-fire

Higher reburn severity promoted transition to non-forest cover types

Donato et al. 2009

Mixed conifer

Fire-fire

No reduction in regeneration

Harvey et al. 2014a

Lodgepole

Bark beetle-fire

No reduction in regeneration

Harvey et al. 2014b

Lodgepole

Bark beetle-fire

No reduction in regeneration

Harvey et al. 2013

Douglas-fir

Bark beetle-fire

Low tree regeneration in bark beetle and high severity fire areas

Larson et al. 2013

Dry mixed conifer

Fire-fire

Repeated fires killed regeneration from the first fire but restored a more historical species composition

Lydersen and North 2012

Ponderosa-mixed conifer

Fire-fire

Shrub cover increased and decreased regeneration

Stevens-Rumann et al. 2015

Dry mixed conifer

Bark beetle-fire

No reduction in regeneration due to both disturbances

Stevens-Rumann and Morgan 2016

Dry and moist mixed conifer

Fire-fire

Tree regeneration reductions in repeated high-severity fires