Fig. 4From: Litter to glitter: promoting herbaceous groundcover and diversity in mid-southern USA oak forests using canopy disturbance and fireInfluence of oak woodland and savanna restoration on groundcover at Catoosa Wildlife Management Area near Crossville, Tennessee, USA. Panel A depicts pre-treatment conditions in 2008, and panel B depicts response by 2016 after thinning to 7 m2 ha−1 residual basal area and burning in October three years (2011, 2013, and 2015). Photographer was lead author A. Vander YachtBack to article page