Fig. 2

Relative difference between the value of each soil burn severity level and the corresponding mean value for the control plots for (A) soil saturated conductivity, (B) mean weight diameter of soil aggregates, (C) and soil organic carbon measured in the set of field plots located in the burned areas affected by crown fire in Spain, in 2018 and 2019. Mean values are represented for each study site and for the average of the three study sites. Mean values followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P < 0.05). The levels of fire severity varied from low (Level 2) to extreme (Level 6) following the classification by Fernández and Vega (2016). Vertical bars indicate the standard error