Fig. 1

Points in panels A–E show the observed relationships between A pre-fire fuel load and fuel consumption, B canopy cover and fuel consumption, C P. ponderosa basal area and PCVS (percent crown volume scorch), D height to crown base and PCVS, and E shrub cover and PCVS. Not all variables included in the best-fit models are shown here, only ones with significant ecological relevance. Solid lines indicate the predicted values from the best-fit models for each response variable. R² values for the corresponding best-fit models are given in each panel