Table 2 PERMANOVA results for the comparison of community level differences in composition and seed density among the five age classes of time-since-fire in winter and summer. Seed densities were calculated from seed bank soil samples collected from Archbold Biological Station in January and July 1992, August 2008, and January 2009. Asterisks denote P ≤ 0.01.

All

4

3.32

0.69

0.012*

4.82

0.76

0.005*

3 vs. 6

1

11.45

0.85

0.25

17.11

0.90

0.24

3 vs. 10

1

7.63

0.79

0.25

6.00

0.92

0.13

3 vs. 24

1

14.12

0.88

0.25

21.18

0.91

0.26

3 vs. LU

1

2.53

0.46

0.0001*

3.40

0.77

0.15

6 vs. 10

1

9.43

0.83

0.25

96.68

0.99

0.08

6. vs. 24

1

0.83

0.29

0.66

24.54

0.92

0.0001*

6 vs. LU

1

0.77

0.20

0.40

2.42

0.71

0.38

10 vs. 24

1

17.35

0.90

0.09

1568.20

1.00

0.09

10 vs. LU

1

0.77

0.20

0.50

1.61

0.35

0.35

24 vs. LU

1

1.13

0.27

0.41

4.68

0.82

0.20