Table 2 Final mixed effects model results, including coefficient ±standard error and P-values for each variable; (+) represents that a factored variable was used in the model but coefficients, standard error, and P-values were not included. Not shown are the values for the Fire variable, which is a factor containing six variables (the six fires across the US Interior West used in this study in 2015 and 2016), each having its own coefficient, standard error, and P-value

Intercept

Coefficient

30.1 ±63.8

−96.3 ±51.5

−4.5 ±4.6

−21.1 ±8.2

−38.1 ±30.0

P-value

0.646

0.060

0.328

<0.001

0.204

Mulch (yes or no)

Coefficient

−79.0 ±31.4

132.7 ±37.9

2.0 ±0.6

9.2 ±2.9

P-value

0.086

0.040

0.002

0.001

Transformed aspect (0 to 1)

Coefficient

−25.1 ±25.1

15.9 ±3.5

2.0 ±3.4

P-value

0.391

<0.001

0.005

Elevation (m)

Coefficient

43.1 ±100.8

222.9 ±83.8

0.17 ±0.01

32.4 ±9.4

P-value

0.698

0.076

<0.001

0.001

dNBR (NBR units)

Coefficient

127.8 ±33.6

P-value

0.032

Fire (name)

Coefficient

+

+

+

+

P-value

+

+

+

+

Water deficit

Coefficient

119.2 ±22.2

60.6 ±18.8

0.02 ±0.01

8.70 ±3.2

P-value

0.013

0.048

0.059

0.006

Mulch*Elevation

Coefficient

−75.4 ±37

P-value

0.134

Mulch*Trasp

Coefficient

109.7 ±31.4

−12.4 ±2.7

P-value

0.397

0.093

Seedling species

Coefficient

+

P-value

+

Seedling age

Coefficient

8.7 ±3.9

P-value

0.027

Age*Species

Coefficient

+

P-value

+

ANOVA without mulch

P-value

0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.889

<0.001