Fig. 2
Absolute density (stems ha−1) and basal area (m2 ha−1) in the unburned, aspen–oak, and mixed-oak units of State Game Lands 176, Pennsylvania, USA, where we measured post-fire changes in forest structure and composition between 2009 and 2018. Fire symbol (
) indicates the years that prescribed fire occurred in each unit. Yearly differences were determined using linear-mixed effects models and Tukey pairwise comparisons. Asterisk (*) indicates that the mean is significantly different from the initial measurement. Caret (^) indicates that the mean is significantly different than the previous measurement. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Statistics were tested on log transformed data and graphs show untransformed data. Note y-axis numbers vary by tree size class