Table 1 Study area characteristics pertaining to wildland fire
Community | Fire experience | Ecology | History/ Land Use Transition | Primary Economy | Main fire adaptations/ policies |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monte Pisano, Tuscany, Italy: Semi-rural | Severe fire events in 2018: lead to community action | Med coastal/ mountain | Rural Abandonment New WUI areas 90% private land Protected natural areas of local interest | Tourism | Emerging Firewise programs Comunità del Bosco AIB Operational Plan 2019–2021: Fire protection strips |
Pyrénées Orientales, Conflent- Canigó, France: Rural | Severe fire events in 1980 Recurring Pastoral Fires Prescribed burning | Med. Mountain (Pyrenees) | Rural Abandonment New WUI areas Over 80% private land Natural Park areas | Tourism Agriculture | Prescribed burning PPRIF (local fire hazard reduction plans) PLUi (land use/risk plans) |
Tordera Basin, Catalonia, Spain: Semi-rural | Fire events in 1989, 1994, and 2003 lead to local administrative action | Med. coastal/ mountain | Rural Abandonment Private forests- 80% forest cover New WUI areas Natural park areas, Biosphere reserve | Tourism Industry Forestry (esp. cork) | Homeowner payment for risk management Law D5-2014: municipal fire protection plan |
Pallars Sobirà, Catalonia, Spain: Rural | Growing fire risk & awareness Previous pastoral fires Some prescribed burns | High mountain (Pyrenees) | Rural Abandonment Much private land expropriation to natural parks | Tourism Agriculture Forestry (esp. pine) | Citizen/ administrative interest Law D5-2014: municipal fire protection plans |