Fig. 13

Effects of shrub canopy cover on flame length and rate of spread across three grazing utilization levels (none, low [25–35%], and moderate [50–60%]) in Reynolds Creek, ID. Trend lines show that shrub canopy cover was positively correlated with both flame length (dotted line, R2 = 0.59) and rate of spread (dashed line, R2 = 0.44) when evaluated across grazing levels. Overall study results indicate that shrub canopy cover and not herbaceous fuel is likely the primary factor driving flame length and rate of spread above shrub covers of about 20%. Figure from Schachtschneider (2016)