Table 2 Results of generalized linear mixed effects models to determine the effects of conifer removal and prescribed fire treatments on total aspen stem counts and stem counts in size classes 1 to 3 in the eastern Sierra Nevada, California, 2004 to 2011.

Conifer removal sites (VC1, VC2, and VC3)

Intercept (control baseline)

2.26

<0.001

1.32

<0.001

1.59

<0.001

−0.32

0.549

Conifer removal

0.28

0.223

0.53

0.179

0.55

0.021

−0.23

0.695

Year 1^b

0.08

0.348

−0.26

0.194

0.23

0.227

0.02

0.918

Year 5^b

0.23

0.007

0.33

0.254

0.45

0.017

0.16

0.429

Year 0 total aspen density

0.02

<0.001

0.01

0.001

0.02

<0.001

0.03

<0.001

Treatment by year interaction

Removal by year 1

−0.12

0.240

0.94

<0.001

−0.79

<0.001

−0.95

<0.001

Removal by year 5

0.31

<0.001

0.52

0.011

0.01

0.949

0.57

0.013

Prescribed fire sites (GC1 and GC2)

Intercept (control baseline)

2.48

<0.001

2.12

<0.001

1.04

0.023

0.52

0.279

Prescribed fire

−0.81

0.058

−1.04

0.021

−0.63

0.201

−0.85

0.146

Year 1

0.12

0.238

−0.37

0.015

0.54

<0.001

0.42

0.153

Year 2

0.15

0.120

−0.78

<0.001

0.67

<0.001

0.49

0.093

Year 3

0.10

0.323

−0.95

<0.001

0.62

<0.001

0.55

0.056

Year 0 total aspen density

0.03

<0.001

0.02

0.010

0.03

<0.001

0.02

0.044

Treatment by year interaction

Fire by year 1

1.40

<0.001

2.23

<0.001

0.84

<0.001

−0.54

0.347

Fire by year 2

1.63

<0.001

2.65

<0.001

1.27

<0.001

−1.99

0.018

Fire by year 3

1.65

<0.001

2.43

<0.001

1.46

<0.001

−0.04

0.936