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Table 1 Peer-reviewed studies published through 2018 used to evaluate effectiveness of resource objective wildfires for restoring frequent-fire forests of the western US. Show are publication reference, ecoregion* (http://maps.tnc.org/gis_data.html), forest type†, main research focus of study, and comparator†† used in each study

From: Restoration applications of resource objective wildfires in western US forests: a status of knowledge review

Publication

Ecoregion*

Forest type†

Main focus

Comparator††

Barros et al. 2018

WC

PJ, PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Landscape modeling

High-risk fires

Boisramé et al. 2017a

SN

DMC, MMC

Landscape structure

Fire suppression; repeated fires

Boisramé et al. 2017b

SN

DMC

Landscape structure, water resources

Unburned sites

Brown et al. 1994

MRBM

PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Fire characteristics

Presettlement fires

Collins and Stephens 2007a

SN

PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Fire characteristics

Historical fire regime

Collins and Stephens 2007b

SN

PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Tree scarring

Fire atlases

Collins and Stephens 2010

SN

PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Fire characteristics

none

Collins et al. 2007

SN

PP/JP, DMC

Fire characteristics

Alternate RO fires

Collins et al. 2009

SN

PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Fire characteristics

RO fire periods

Collins et al. 2011

SN

PP/JP, DMC

Forest structure

Unburned; historical

Collins et al. 2016

SN

PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Forest structure, landscape variability

none

DeLuca and Sala 2006

MRBM

DMC

Soil nutrients

Fire-excluded

Evangelista et al. 2004

CP

PJ

Understory vegetation

Unburned sites

Fulé and Laughlin 2007

CP

PP/JP, DMC

Forest structure

Prefire and unburned

Haire et al. 2013

SN, MRBM, ANMM

PJ, PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Fire characteristics

Wilderness status

Higgins et al. 2015

CP

PP/JP, DMC

Forest structure

Unburned sites

Holden et al. 2006

ANMM

PP/JP

Forest structure

Repeated fires

Holden et al. 2007

ANMM, AH

PJ, PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Forest structure

Unburned sites

Holden et al. 2009

ANMM

PP/JP, DMC

Fire characteristics

Topography

Hopkins et al. 2014

CR

Other

Forest structure

Restoration treatments

Huffman et al. 2017

CP, ANMM

PP/JP

Forest structure

HRV

Huffman et al. 2018

CP

PP/JP

Forest structure

Repeated fires

Hunter et al. 2011

ANMM

PP/JP, DMC

Forest structure, understory vegetation, characteristics

Rx; unburned; repeated fires

Kane et al. 2013

SN

PP/JP

Landscape structure

Unburned sites

Keeling et al. 2006

MRBM

PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Understory vegetation, forest structure

Unburned sites

Larson et al. 2013

CR

PP/JP

Forest structure

Repeated fires

Laughlin and Fulé 2008

CP

PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Understory vegetation

Prefire and unburned sites

Laughlin et al. 2004

CP

PP/JP

Understory vegetation

Reference sites

Merrill et al. 1980

MRBM

PP/JP

Understory vegetation

Unburned sites

Meyer 2015

SN

PP/JP, DMC

Fire characteristics

HRV

Miller et al. 2012

SN, KM

PP/JP, DMC

Fire characteristics

Ecoregions; agencies; wilderness status; forest type

Nesmith et al. 2011

SN

DMC

Forest structure

Rx

Parks et al. 2014

MRBM, ANMM

PJ, PP/JP, DMC, MMC

Fire characteristics

Repeated fires

Roberts et al. 2015

SN

DMC

Small mammals

Unburned sites

Rollins et al. 2001

MRBM, ANMM

DMC, MMC, Other

Fire characteristics

Fire eras

Steel et al. 2018

KM, CNC, ECMP, CSC, SN

PP/JP, DMC

Landscape structure

Fire suppression

van Wagtendonk et al. 2012

SN

DMC

Fire characteristics

Repeated fires

  1. *Ecoregion: AH = Apace Highlands; ANMM = Arizona−New Mexico Mountains; CNC = California North Coast; CP = Colorado Plateau; CRM = Canadian Rocky Mountains; CSC = California South Coast; ECMP = East Cascades–Modoc Plateau; KM = Klamath Mountains; MRBM = Middle Rockies–Blue Mountains; SN = Sierra Nevada; WC = West Cascades
  2. †Forest type codes: PJ = pinyon−juniper; PP/JP = ponderosa pine−Jeffrey pine; DMC = dry mixed-conifer; MMC = mesic mixed-conifer
  3. ††Rx = prescribed fire; HRV = historical range of variation